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Mbuli mbutwakaiya mu Mulazyo wa Bwiiminizi mu Cizuminano Cakale (The Principle of Agency in the Old Testament) mwiiminizi nguyooyo “wakapegwa nguzu zya kubeleka mubusena naa mu cibaka ca umwi.”1 Mu majwi aaci Hebulayo, mwiiminizi naa “ooyo uutumidwe”, wiitwa kuti shaliah. Ibbala lyeelene aandilyo mu Cizuminano Cipya ndyakuti mwaapositolo naa [Apostolos] muci Gilki, liiminina mutumwa, uutumwa mulimo. Kujatikizya bwiiminizi, James McGrath, mufundisi a sicikolo wa Cizuminano Cipya , ulemba kuti:
Bwiiminizi cakali cibeela ciyandika mu buumi bwaabuzuba munyika ya nsiku. Muntu omwe-omwe mbuli bashinshimi abangele balaambidwe mu Mangwalo aa buJuuda, bakali kulanganyigwa kuti bakali ‘baiminizi’ ba Leza.
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Bwiiminizi cakali cibeela ciyandika mu buumi bwaabuzuba munyika ya nsiku. Muntu omwe-omwe mbuli bashinshimi abangele balaambidwe mu Mangwalo aa buJuuda bakali kulanganyigwa kuti bakali ‘baiminizi’ ba Leza. Imuzeezo mupati uujatikizya bwiiminizi munyika yansiku, ulangikaanga ulifwiinsyidwe mu majwi aazwa mumalembe aa bamayi bamilawo aayo aambwa kanjaanji munzila eeyi: “Ooyo uutumidwe uli mbuli yooyo wakamutuma.”2
Cibeela citaanzi ca bwiimnizi ncotutiisanyangule cijanwa mu mulumbe wa Johane. Naakamanizya kusekelela Pasika mu Jelusalema, Yahushua wakali kubbizya basikwiiya:
Johane 3:22-26 Naakamana aya Yahushua wakeza abasikwiiya bakwe kucisi ca-Judaya, oko wakaakukala abalo, wakali kubapatizya. 23 Awalo Johane wali kubapatizya mu-Ainoni, afwaafwi ku-Salemu, nkaambo kwali maanzi manjimanji oko. Eno bantu bakasika kulinguwe, bakabapatizigwa. 24 Nkaambo Johane takalina kubikwa muntolongo. 25 Eno akabuka makani aakusalazya akati kabasikwiiya ba-Johane amu-Juda umwi, 26Bakasika kuli-Johane, bakamwaambila kuti, Rabi, oyo ngookali awalo kutala lya-Jordano, ngookazoolungulula, nguwenya oyo ulabapatizya, abantu boonse balainka kulinguwe.”
Kweendelanya a cibalo eeci, Yahushua wakali kubbizya batobeli bakwe. Cilibonyaanga cilisalazyidwe, pele biyo kusikila twabala majwi aajuzya tumpango mu caandaano citobela:
Johane 4:1-3 Eno Mwami naakaziba kuti ba-Farisi bakamvwa kuti Yahushua wali kucita akubapatizya basikwiiya banjibanji kwiinda Johane, 2 (Nokuboobo tali Yahushua mwini uwali kubapatizya, pele mbaasikwiiya bakwe), 3wakazwa muJudaya, wakabweeda alimwi ku-Galilaya..
Kaambo kapati mu mulazyo wa bwiiminizi kalisalazyidwe mu kaambyo kakuti, “mwiiminizi wa muntu ulanganyigwa mbweenya mbuli muntu ooyo lwakwe.”
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Caandaano 3 a 4 zyoonse zyobile zyaamba kuti Yahushua wakali kubbizya basikwiiya, pele Johane ulaandanya kusalazya kuti Yahushua tali nguwe wakali kubbizya. Kunze lya boobo, basikwiiya mbibakali kubbizya. Mbubuti Johane mbwanga waamba kuti Yahushua wakali kubbizya bantu kakuli tali nguwe wakali kubabbizya? Hena wakali kubeja na? Peepe, walo wakali kubelesya mulazyo wa bwiiminizi. Ibbuku lisandulula mabala lya (Encyclopedia of Jewish Religion) lipandulula munzila eeyi:
Kaambo kapati ka mulawo wa bwiiminizi wa buJuuda kalaambidwe mu majwi aakuti, “Mwiiminizi wa muntu ulanganyigwa mbuli muntu ooyo lwakwe.” Aboobo, kufumbwa mulimo uucitwa ayooyo mwiiminizi uusalidwe ulanganyigwa kuti wacitwa aa yooyo wamutuma…3
Nkaambo kakuti basikwiiya bakali baiminizi bakasalidwe aa Yahushua,” cakali cintu citambulika kupa bulumbu kuli Yahushua akaambo ka kubbizya ooko Ooyu muzeezo mweenzu kubantu ba Kumbo kumvwisya, nokuba boobo, mu ziyanza zya ciHebullayo, cakali cintu cizuminika.
Mukonzyanyo uutobela wa bwiiminizi ujatikizya duundumuntule wa lumamba lwaku Loma a mulanda wakwe wakalemene:
Mateyo 8:5-10 and 13 Lino naakanjila mu-Kapenaumu kwakasika kulinguwe umwi silutwe wabasinkondo, wakamukumbila, 6wakati, Mwami, mwanaangu ulilede muŋanda, uliyuminide mubili, ulaciswa loko. 7Wakamwaambila kuti. Ndeza nzoomuponye. 8Nkabela silutwe wakavuwa kuti, Mwami, nsyeelede kuti unjile muŋanda yangu, amba kujwi buyo, elyo uzooponesegwa mwanaangu. 9Nkaambo ambebo ndi muntu mulailile, ndijisi bwami abasinkondo, ndaambila umwi, Koya, nkabela ulaya, aumwi, Koza, nkabela uleza, amuzike wangu, Cita obo, nkabela ulacita.10 Lino Yahushua naakamvwa boobo wakagambwa, wakaambila abo ibakali kumutobela kuti, Ncobeni ndamwaambila kuti, Nsina kujana lusyomo luli boobu pe, nimuba mu-Isilayeli. 13Lino Yahushua wakaambila silutwe kuti, Koya, mbuwakasyoma akube kulinduwe mbubonya obo. Lino mwanaakwe wakaponesegwa kuciindi eco nciconya
Mu mulumbe wa Mateyo, Yahushua ulakanana cigaminina a sikalumamba. Pele eelyo notubala makani aali muli Luuka, kulangikaanga kuli kwiimpana kapati mu makani:
Luuka 7:1-10 Naakamana kwaamba makani aakwe oonse mumatwi aabantu, wakanjila mu-Kapenaumu. 2 Eno umwi mupati wabasilumamba wakali kujisi muzike ngwayandisisya, uwali kuciswa, afwaafwi akufwa. 3Elyo naakamvwa Yahushua, wakatuma bapati baba-Juda kulinguwe, wamukumbila kuti aboole azooponye muzike wakwe. 4Balo nobakasika kuli-Yahushua bakamukumbilisya bati, Uleelede oyu kuti umucitile boobo, 5nkaambo ulayanda mukowa wesu, nguwe uwakatuyakila cikombelo cesu. 6Mpoonya Yahushua wakainka abo. Naakasika afwaafwi aŋanda, silumamba wakatuma beenzinyina kulinguwe kuyooamba kuti, Mwami, utalikataazyi, nseelede kuti ukanjile muŋanda yangu, 7 alimwi ndati nseelede kuboola kulinduwe, koamba ejwi buyo, mwanaangu ulapona. 8Nkaambo amebo ndi muntu uulaililwa, ndilijisi basilumamba munsi lyangu, Ndaambila oyu kuti, Koya, kai ulainka. Ndaambila umwi kuti Koboola, kai ulaboola. Ndaambila muzike wangu kuti, Cita obu, kai ulacita, 9Yahushua naakamvwa makani aya wakamuyoowa, wacebukila bantu abali kumucilila, wati kulimbabo, Ndamwaambila, nsinabwene lusyomo ululi bobuya nomuba mu-Israyeli. 10Abakatumidwe nobakaboola kumunzi, bakajana muzike wapona kale.
Mateyo taakajisi penzi kulemba kuti silutwe walumamba wakaboola kuli Yahushua nkaambo balupatipati bamaJuuda abalongwenyina mbaakatuma bakali baiminizi mubusena bwakwe.
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Luuka ulangikaanga ukazya makani aali muli Mateyo eelyo nalemba kuti sikalumba taakaswaangana mu buntu a Yahushua. Mukubula coolwe, bamwi balanga kwiimpana kwa mizeezo mbuli kooku akukosozya kuti IBbaibele talisyomeki alimwi, aboobo, talikonzyi kusyomwa. Nokuba boobo, ooku kwiimpana kulayabaila eelyo notuteelelesya mulawo wa bwiiminizi. Mateyo taakajisi penzi kulemba kuti sikalumamba wakaboola kuli Yahushua nkaambo balupatipati bamaJuuda abalongwenyina mbaakatumide bakamwiiminina mucibaka cakwe. Alimwi kweendelanya a ciyanza cabo, cakali cintu ciluleme kwaamba caacitika aawo kubee sikalumamba wakaliko lwakwe ncobeni. Mweembezi a mulembi, David Burge, upandulula kuti:
Aawa silumamba ngo mutwe wamakani; bamaJuuda balupatipati a balongwenyina silumba mbaiminizi basalidwe akupegwa nguzu zyakubeleka.. Lino kwiibaluka kuti mu muzeezo wabu Hebulayo, mutwe wamakani a mwiiminizi tabasalazyigwi kwaandaanyigwa lyoonse, Mateyo waamba biyo mutwe wa makani (silumamba) kakwiina kusalazya mwiiminizi (balupatipati bamaJuuda abalongwenyina). Luuka waamba boonse bobile, mutwe wa makani a baiminizi. Kucibikka munzila iimbi eeci, mu mmulumbe wa Mateyo, balupatipati (baiminizi) baiminina, boonse balanganyidwe aanga ngu silumamba (mutwe wamakani), nokuba kuti eeci tacili masimpe mubwini.4
Earle Ellis, mufundisi a mwiyi wa buleza, ulazumina makani aaya:
Mbweenya mbuli mukuponya kwa mu Nsabata, mukuponya mulanda wa silumamba…Mateyo ubelesya mulazyo wa shaliah kuti akonzyanisye balupatipati kubee bali mucibaka ca silumamba.5
Mukonzyanyo wesu uutobela ujatikizya baapositolo bobile bokwa Yahushua a banyina. Eelyo Yahushua abasikwiiya bakwe nibakali kuyaa bweenda kuya ku Jelusalema, Yahushua wakabweza basikwiiya bali kkumi ababili kumbali wabaambila kuti bapaizi bayanda kumwaaba mumaanza aa bantu Bamasi, aabo balo, bayoomujaya. Nokuba boobo, Yahushua wakaamba kuti uyoobuka alimwi kwaakwiinda mazuba otatwe:
Maako 10:35-41 Lino kwakamuswenenena Jakobo a-Johane bana ba-Zebedayo, bamwaambila kuti, Mufundisi, tuyanda kuti utupe coonse ncotuti kumbile. 36Lino wabaambila kuti, Ino ncinzi ncimuyanda kuti nkamupe? 37Bakamwaambila kuti, Utupe kuti tukakale, umwi kululyo lwako, umwi kucimwensi cako, mubulemu bwako. 38Pele Yahushua wakabaambila kuti, Ncimukumbila tamucizi mbucibede. Sa inga mulakonzya kunywida mucinywido ncinywida mebo, nikuba kubapatizigwa lubapatizyo ndwembapatizigwa? 39Bakamuvwiila kuti, Tulakonzya, Lino Yahushua wakabaambila kuti, Mucinywido munywida mebo, muyoonywida mumonya, alwalo lubapatizyo ndwembapatizigwa, muyoobapatizigwa ndulonya. 40Pele kukala kululyo lwangu nanka kucimwensi cangu, endime empa pe, anu nkukwabo abo ibakabambilwa nkuko. 41Lino bamvwe buyo bali ikumi, batalika kunyemena Jakobo a-Johane .
Lino kobikkila maanu ku kwaandaana ooko kuli mumulumbe wa Mateyo:
Tulabona banyina Jakobe a Johane kababeleka mbuli baiminizi babo eelyo nibakabuzya Yahushua kuti ababedaa nkumbu mu bulelo buboola.
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Mateyo 20:20-24 Mpawo kwakamusikila banyina bana ba-Zebedayo abana bakwe, baza bumukomba akukumbila cintu kulinguwe. 21Lino wakabaambila wati, Ino ncinzi ncomuyanda? Balo bakamwaambila bati, Lailila kuti bana bangu aba bobile bakale, umwi kululyo lwako, umwi kucimwensi cako, mu-Bwami bwako. 22Nkabela Yahushua wakavuwa, waamba wati, Tamuzi ncimukumbila. Sa mulakonzya kunywida mukanywido munti nywide ime? Bamwaambila bati, Tulakonzya. 23Wabaambila wati, Mulanywida mukanywido kangu ncobeni, pele kukala kululyo lwangu akucimwensi cangu, teensi ndime uukonzya kupa pe, nkukwabo abo bakabambilwa kwa-Taata. 24Lino bali ikumi nibakamvwa, bakakalalila abo babunyina bobile..
Tubona banyina Jemusi a Johane kabakutauka kubambilila mwiiminizi wabo eelyo nibaabuzya Yahushua kuti akabafwide nkumbu mu bulelo buboola. Hena Maako wakalilubide kulemba makani aayo kubee Jemusi a Johane mbibakabuzya Yahushua cigaminina kuti akabape zyuuno mu mfulumende ya bulelo bwakwe? Peepe, Maako wakabelesya mulazyo wa bwiiminizi mu kulungulula mulumbe wakwe.,
Mukonzyanyo wamamanino ngotutiilange uzyila mu Bbuku lya Milimo. Eelyo Saulu waku Tarsusi (ooyo wakaitwa aakale kuti mwaapositolo Paulu) “wakacifundilide kupenzya akujaya basikwiiya ba Mwami,” wakakumbila silutwe mupaizi kuti amupe nguzu zyakuti aunke ku Damasikasi kuyokwaanga kufumbwa batobela Yahushua mbaakali kuyoojana okuya. Luuka ulemba zitobela:
Milimo 9:3-6 3 Eno mukweenda kwakwe naakasika kufwaafwi ku-Damasko, ndilyonya kwakamumwekela mumuni uuzwa kujulu, 4wakawida ansi, wamvwa ijwi liti kulinguwe, Saulo, Saulo, undipenzezyanzi? 5Wabuzya kuti, Ino nduweni, Mwami? Wakavuwa wati, Ndime Yahushua ngopenzya, 6pele nyamuka unjile mumunzi, moyooambililwa ncoti kacite.”
Mbubuti Saulu mbwaakali kupenzya Yahushua eelyo Mwami naakakkede kujanza lyalulyo lwa Yahuwah kujulu? Alimwi aawa, bwiiminizi bulatupa bwiinguzi…
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Mbubuti Saulu mbwaakali kunga wapenzya Yahushua eelyo Mwami naakakkede ku janza lya lulyo lwa Yahuwah kujulu? Alimwi aawa, bwiiminizi bulatupa bwiinguzi nkaambo eelyo yebo nojatizyanya aa mwiiminizi, yebo, mubwini, ujatizyanya aa yooyo umutuma (naa mutwe wa makani). Mufundisi a Mwiyi wa buleza Marianne Meye Thompson uzubulula kuti:
Kuli kaambyo kakali kumvwugwa kanjaanji akataa bamayi bamilawo kakali kakuti “ooyo uutumidwe uli mbuli yooyo wakamutuma” naa “mwiiminizi wa muntu uleene a muntu ooyo lwakwe. Nkaambo kakuti saliah [shaliah] ubeleka mucibaka ca yooyo wakamutuma, eelyo muntu umwi najatizyanya aa saliah [shaliah] cili mbweenya mbuli kuti ooyo muntu ujatizyanya aa yooyo wakatuma muntu ooyo.6
Mubwini, eeci ncencico cini Yahushua ncaakayiisya basikwiiya bakwe:
Luuka 10:16 “Uumuswiilila waswiilila ndime, uutamuswiilili tandiswiilili ame, uutandiswiilili tamuswiilili uwakandituma.”
Alimwi akuti:
Mateyo 25:40 “Nkabela Mwami uzoobavwiila kuti, Ncobeni ndamwaambila kuti, mbuli mbumwakacitila obo umwi naba muniini akati kabakwesu aba, mwakacitila ndime mbubonya.‘
Eelyo Saulu naakali kupenzya batobeli bokwa Kristu, aabo mbaakapede nguzu akubatuma mu zina lyakwe, walo mubwini wakali kupenzya yooyo wakabatuma, nkokuti wakali kupenzya, Yahushua. Kutali kumugaminina, pele, munzila ya bwiiminizi. Aboobo, mulawo wa bwiiminizi wakazumizya Yahushua kuti aambe kuti Saulu wakali kupenzya nguwe.
Mubufwaafwi, twayiya kuti mwiiminizi ulipedwe nguzu zya kubeleka mucibaka nokuba mubusena bwa umwi. Mulazyo wa bwiiminizi waamba kuti ooyo wakatumwa ulanganyigwa mbuli yooyo wakamutuma. Bwiiminizi cakali cibeela caabuzuba mu buumi bwa nsiku, mbuli mbokutondezyedwe mu Mangwalo woonse. Eelyo notubala Bbaibbele kulangila mumizeezo ya BuJuuda, tumpango tuyumu nokuba tukopa maanu inga twatalika kuteeleleka, tumpango tukazyanya inga twatalika kweendelana, alimwi tumpango tuzyibidwe inga twalibonya.
1 “agent,” Merriam Webster Dictionary, cakazubulwa mu 06-16-19, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/agent
2 James F. McGrath, The Only True God: Early Christian Monotheism in its Jewish Context, (University of Illinois Press, 2009) peeji. 14.
3 “Agent” (Heb. Shaliah), The Encyclopedia of Jewish Religion, R.J.Z. Werblowsky, G. Wigoder, (New York: Adama Books, 1986), peeji. 15.
4 David Burge, Divine Agency in the Scriptures, 8-10-15, https://sandrahopper.blogspot.com/2015/ cakazubulwa 7-5-19
5 E. Earle Ellis, The Making of the New Testament Documents, (Society of Biblical Literature, 2009), peeji. 342
6 Marianne Meye Thompson, “Gospel of John,” in Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels, Joel B. Green, ed. 1992 (Downers Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press, 1992), peeji. 377
Eeci ncibalo citali ca-WLC. Cakazyila ku: https://oneGodworship.com/the-principle-of-agency-in-the-new-testament/
Twakagwisya mucibalo citaanzi mazina aamituni woonse ngobaulikide taata a Mwana, akubikka mucibaka cangawo mazina mataanzi ngubaapedwe. Kuyungizya waawo, twakojokolosya mu Mangwalo mazina aa Taata a Mwana, mbuli mbwaakalembedwe kutaanguna a balembi ba Bbaibbele bakayoyelwa moza. Nkamu ya-WLC
