Yahushua, Mwaalumi Mulailile

Mubulelo bwa Loma waku musela mutaanzi, umwi silumamba wakali kweendelezya nkamu ya centuria, kabunga ka basilumamba kainda kuceya mukataa mpi. Omwe omwe silumamba wakapedwe cuuno akupegwa ziga zinjaanji zya bweendelezi azya milimo, kalaa cuuno citaanzi ca silutwe wa basinkondo ciitwa kuti primus pilus naa isumo litaanzi. Ooyu silumamba wakali kwaambwa kuba akataa busololi bwa lumamba bwa BaLoma, kalaa baalumi bakalaa nguzu zya bweendelezi atala aansi lyakwe.

Tulabona eezi ziga zya bweendelezi kazyaambwa mumubandi akataa Yahushua awumwi silumamba wakajisi nguzu zya bweendelezi uuzwa ku Capernaumu ooyo wakalaa mulanda wakwe wakacisidwe:

Mateyo 8:5-10 Lino naakanjila mu-Kapenaumu kwakasika kulinguwe umwi silutwe wabasinkondo, wakamukumbila, 6wakati, Mwami, mwanaangu ulilede muŋanda, uliyuminide mubili, ulaciswa loko. 7Wakamwaambila kuti. Ndeza nzoomuponye. 8Nkabela silutwe wakavuwa kuti, Mwami, nsyeelede kuti unjile muŋanda yangu, amba kujwi buyo, elyo uzooponesegwa mwanaangu. 9Nkaambo ambebo ndi muntu mulailile, ndijisi bwami abasinkondo, ndaambila umwi, Koya, nkabela ulaya, aumwi, Koza, nkabela uleza, amuzike wangu, Cita obo, nkabela ulacita.10 Lino Jesu naakamvwa boobo wakagamba, wakaambila abo ibakali kumutobela kuti, Ncobeni ndamwaambila kuti, Nsina kujana lusyomo luli boobu pe, nimuba mu-Israyeli.

Aaka kampango kaamba kuti, wakanyandwa kumvwa lusyomo lwa silumamba, Yahushua wakaponya mulanda wakwe aciindi mpeenya aawo.

Cimwi cintu cuuntuluzyigwa mu mubandi ooyu nkulyeezyeka kwa silutwe wa BaLoma akataa nguwe a Yahushua:

Mateyo 8:9 “Nkaambo ambebo ndi muntu mulailile, ndijisi bwami abasinkondo, ndaambila umwi, Koya, nkabela ulaya, aumwi, Koza, nkabela uleza, amuzike wangu, Cita obo, nkabela ulacita.”

Ooyu silutwe, wakali ansi lya bweendelezi bwa mpi yiitwa kuti isumo litaanzi (primus plus) alimwi nkaambo kaako amu bweendelezi bwa Caesar, wakalizyi kuti awalo Yahushua wakali kunsaa bweendelezi bupati kwiinda bwakwe. Kweendelanya kuli Yahushua, eezyo nguzu zyakali atalaa wakali Yahuwah Taata:

Johane 14:28 “Mwakamvwa mbwendakamwaambila kuti, Ndainka, alimwi ndaboola kulindinywe. Kuti nomwali kundiyanda, nomwali kukondwa nkaambo nja kuli-Taata, nkaambo Taata mupati kwiinda ndime.

Paulu ulaambilizya a bupati bwa Yahuwah atalaa Kristu mu lugwalo ndwaakalembela cikombelo caku Kolinto, oomo mwalemba kuti, “mutwe wa Kristu ngu Yahuwah” a “Kristu ngookwa Yahuwah.”¹ Lino tulasanyangula aasyoonto kaambo keni ikaambilizya kweendelezyegwa kwa Kristu. Kacitana citika eeco, ncintu ciyandika kulomya kuti, mbweenya silumamba mbwaatakalibikka acuuno ca busilutwe, awalo Yahushua taakali Muleli wakalisala lwakwe. Ncobeni, Yahuwah wakasumpula Yahushua kujanza lya lulyo Lwakwe, naakabikka Messiah kuti abe yooyo uunoolela mucibaka Cakwe.²

Mika 5:2 “Pele webo, O Betelehemu-Efrata, nekuba kuti uli muniini buyo akati kamikowa ya-Juda, mulinduwe momuyoozwa uuti kaendelezye ba-Israyeli. Kweendeenda kwakwe nkwakalekale, nkwamazuba aaciindi loko.”

Kuyungizya waawo, Yahushua wakasinizya kuti walo wakali mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah eelyo naakalyaamba kwiinda ciindi comwe kuti walo taakaboolela mu kuliyandila kwakwe pele kuti Taata nguwakamutuma.³

Mwaalumi Uuyendelezyegwa aa Yahuwah

Ibbala lyaamba nguzu zya bweendelezi muli Mateyo 8:9,, muci Giliki ndyakuti exousia. Kweendelanya ku bbuku lya [HELP Word Studies], liiminina kuti: nguzu zya bweendelezi, nguzu zya kusumpulwa; nguzu zya kutumwa mulimo (“kuzumizyigwa”) kubeleka mulimo wa butumwa.⁴ Mumajwi amwi, mbweenya mbuli nguzu zya bweendelezi bwa Silutwe wa lumamba mbuzyaapedwe kuli nguwe, azyalo nguzu zya bweendelezi zyokwa Yahushua zyakapedwe kuzwa kwa Taata Yahuwah. Charles Spurgeon uzubulula kaambo aakaa kabotu kabotu mumulumbe wakwe oomo mwasinizya zintu zikonzyene akataa Yahushua a Silutwe wa lumamba:

[Silutwe wa lumamba] wakali mulailili wakapegwa cuuno cakwe anguzu kuzwa ku Muleli mupati ku Loma! Walo wakali “muntu mulailile.”…ooyu Silutwe wakali kuyanda kwaamba [kuli Yahushua] kuti, “Ime ndazyiba mulimo Nduwe, alimwi, uli mwaalumi uuyendelezyegwa,” nkaambo ooyu Kristu wesu uulelekedwe wakaboola munyika katumidwe aa Yahuwah. …[Yahushua] aawa mbuli Yooyo Taata ngwaakasala, ngwakananika, wakeelela akutumwa mulimo wa bulemu bwa kujulu! Ooyu Silutwe wakali bwene ali Kristu zibonisyo zyakuti Walo wakatumidwe aa Yahuwah. Munzila imwi…walo wakaasiika ambaakani iitakwe ntenda eeyi a kukosozya ncobeni makani kuti . . . [Yahushua] Kristu wakali kubeleka mulimo mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah mupati ooyo wakalenga julu anyika! Alimwi walo naakalanga ali nguwe, aboobo, munzila eeyo—wakali mbuli yooyo wakazumizyidwe akutumwa mulimo Wakwe.⁵

Spurgeon tali alike mu kuteelela ooku. Mukambausi Mulembi, Harry Whittaker, ulemba kuti:

Ncaakaamba cini [Silutwe wa lumamba] caali cakuti: “Nkaambo ambebo ndi muntu mulailile.” Ibbala lyakuti “ambebo” ligaminide kuyumya kwiimpana ziimo akataa nguwe a . . . [Yahushua]. Ino ninzi cintu cini caambwa aawa? Mubwini, walo wakaambilizya kuti: “Ndijisi bamwi abasinkondo banditeelela malailile aangu woonse nkaambo ambebo ndili mu bweendelezi bwa Caesar. Balacita kufumbwa ncebalailila nkaambo kunze lyangu kuli nguzu ziinda bupati zya Muleli. Pele Ime ndakuzyiba webo . . . [Yahushua], uli mu bweendelezi bwa Yooyo mupati kwiinda Tiberius. Kunze lyako kuli nguzu zya bweendelezi zya Leza Singuzuzyoonse.”⁶

Kakwiina kudonaika, Yahushua wakaabilwa nguzu zya bweendelezi kuzwa kuli Leza omwe wamasimpe, nkokuti kuzwa kuli, Taata.⁷

Mateyo 9:6 a 8 “Pele mukazibe kuti Mwana a-Muntu uli abwami ansi ano bwakulekelela bantu zibi, lino waambila oyo uuyuminide mubili kuti, Buka, bweza bulo bwako, uye kuŋanda yako. ⁸Lino makamu naakabona obo akayoowa, akalumba Yahuwah iwakapede bantu bwami buli boobu.

Mateyo 11:27 [Yahushua] Zintu zyoonse ndazipegwa kwa-Taata...

Mateyo 28:18 Lino [Yahushua] wakeza, wabaambila wati, Ndapegwa bwami boonse nibuba bwakujulu nibuba bwaansi.

Johane 3:35 “Wisi uyanda Mwana, wakamupa zintu zyoonse mujanza lyakwe.

Johane 5:26-27 “Nkaambo mbubonya Taata mbwajisi buumi mulinguwe mwini, awalo Mwana wakamupa mbubonya, kuti abe abuumi mulinguwe mwini. ²⁷Alimwi wakamupa bwami bwakubeteka, nkaambo ngonguwe Mwana a-Muntu.

Johane 13:3-4 Yahushua, mbwaali kuzi kuti Wisi wakamupa zintu zyoonse mumaanza aakwe…

Johane 17:1-3 Eno Yahushua aambe buyo majwi aya, wakalungumana kujulu wakati, Taata, ciindi casika. Lemya Mwanaako kuti awalo akulemye. ²Mbubonya mbookamupa bwami kubantu boonse, kupa buumi ubutamani kulibaabo boonse mbookamupa. ³Mboobu buumi ubutamani, kuti bazibe nduwe, Leza mwini-mwini, ooli olikke, ayooyo ngookatuma, nguwenya Yahushua Kristo.

BaEfeso 1:17 a 20-22 Ndakomba kuti Yahuwah wa-Mwami wesu Yahushua Kristo, Wisi wabulemu…²²… Wakabikka zintu zyoonse kunsi lyamaulu aakwe [Yahushua], alimwi wakamubikka kuti abe simutwe wazintu zyoonse kumbungano.

1 Petulo 1:3 3:22 ³ Alumbwe Leza, Wisi wa-Mwami wesu Yahushua Kristo! ²² uukkala kululyo lwa-Yahuwah, nkaambo wakainka kujulu, abaangelo abasibwami abasinguzu boonse balibikidwe kunsi lyakwe.

Ciyubunuzyo 2:27 UYOOBALELA AMUSAKO WALUBULO, MBULI INONGO ZYA MUBUMBI MBUZIPWAYIGWA, mbubonya ambebo mbundakatambula kuli-Taata.

Ikuti Yahushua lwakwe mwini naali Yahuwah, walo naatali kuyandika kuzumizyigwa kubaa nguzu zya bweendelezi mbwaanga nguzu zyoonse nizyali kale zyakwe. Pele mbuli muntususu mutumwa ookwa Yahuwah, walo wakalibulide alimwi wakatambula nguzu zya bweendelezi kuzwa kuli Wisi zya kubeleka milimo yokwa Yahuwah.

Yahushua ngo Mupati Uutobela Kunze lya Yahuwah

Kweendelanya ku Mufundisi wa lwiiyo lwa buleza R. C. Sproul, muntu mupati uutobela musyule lya umwi tali musaanyina pele ngu yooyo uuli kunsaa bweendelezi bwa umwi:

Mu mulaka wesu, cilisalazyidwe kuti kutobela kunze lya umwi nkuba “ansi” lya bweendelezi bwa muntu ooyo. Muntu uutobela kunze lya umwi tali musaanyina; muntu uutobela kunze lya umwi teelene nguzu zya bweendelezi ayooyo mupati atala lyakwe. Ibbala lisomekwa ku matalikilo aa bbala lyakuti (sub-) liiminina kuti “kunsi” alimwi lya (super-) liiminina “atala” naa “ajulu.”⁸

Sproul uleenkela, nokuba boobo, eelyo nakanana kulitola ansi kwa Kristu kuli Yahuwah:

Eelyo notukanana kulicesya kwa Kristu, tweelede kucita oobo cakubambilila kapati. Aziyanza zyesu zyeelanya kulicesya ku kuteelana. Pele muli Baleza botatwe boonse baleelene bubambe, kulemekwa, akubaa bulemu. Boonse botatwe balaa buumi buteeli, balaliponena umwi awumwi lwakwe ulatola cibeela mu ciimo abubambe bwa buleza.⁹

Aabo basyoma muli baleza botatwe bacaazya biyo kuzumina kuti Yahushua uli ansi lya Taata nkaambo lusyomo lwabo ndwakupelengusya mu Mangwalo alimwi talukonzyi kukazyigwa. Nokuba boobo, kutegwa bazumanane lusyomo lwakatobela kalilembedwe kale Bbaibbele lwa kweelana kwa Yahushua a Yahuwah, balo batamanina kuti walo uli ansi mu milimo buyo, pele baleelene a Yahuwah muli zimwi zyoonse. Pele eeco Sproul a bamwi ncobazumbauzya kuti kunyina lyo anociijanwa mu Mangwalo.

Kunze lyaboobo, tulainduluka kubala mumalembe aasetekene kuti Yahushua mulanda ookwa Yahuwah, kutali musaanyina naa ngobeelene limwi.¹⁰ Kuba masimpe, Yahushua awalo ulijisi Leza wakwe.¹¹

Lwiiyo lwa Kweendelezyegwa a Bamatata Bataanzi ba Cikombelo

Kuba ansi, ilusyomo lwaamba kuti “Mwana uli ansi lya Leza Taata mu bubambe abube bwakwe, akuti Mwana utambula malailile aakwe alimwi abuponi bwakwe kuzwa kuli Leza,”¹² lwakali yambukide akataa Bamatata Bataanzi ba Cikombelo. Mulembi wa misela, Kegan Chandler, ulemba kuti:

Nkasimpe kataambaambwi mu misela ya Cikombelo kuti Bamatata bazyibidwe kapati ba musela wabili awatatu bakali kusyoma kuti . . . [Yahushua] wakali kupona kataninga zyalwa, katali uuteeli mbuli Leza alikke, pele kumwi kali wa masimpe lwakwe, kali mulailile mbuli mungele uulengedwe, kali malengelo mataanzi ookwa Leza.¹³

Ibbuku lisandulula mabala lilaa mutwe wakuti [Encyclopedia of the Early Church], lilazumina kuti muzeezo wa kuba ansi wakali kujanwajanwa nokuba akataa Bamatata bakali kwiinda kubaa mpuwo kapati:

Kweendelezyegwa. Mbotwiita ciyanza, ciyumu mu lwiiyo lwa buleza lwa Musela wabili a watatu, akuyandisya kulanganya Kristu, mbuli Mwanaa Yahuwah, kuti wakali musyoonto kuli Taata. Kunzaa ciyanza eeci kwakali twaambo oomo Kristu lwakwe mwaakalomya ku lyaamba kuceya kwakwe (Johane 14: 28, Maako 10:18, 13:32, atumwi.) alimwi cakaanzwa kapati mukusyoma kuti Kristu wakali jwi [Logos-Kristu] …Izilengwa zyakusyoma kuceya kwa Kristu, zilalibonya kapati mu bafundisi ba lwiiyo lwa buleza mbuli bwa Justin, Tertullian, Origen a Novation; pele naba Irenaeus, ooko mizeezo ya manjezyeezya aa baleza botatwe nkwiili myeenzu, kwaambilizya makanaa Johane 14:28, kunyina cikatazya kulanganya Kristu kuti musyoonto kuli Taata.¹⁴

Mwiyi wa buleza, Thomas C. Pfizenmaier, ukosozya makani aa kujanika kwa lusyomo lwa kuceya kwa Kristu mu misela mitaanzi yone munzila eeyi:

Eelyo imwi misyobo ya kuceya kwa kristu noyakaimpene, kusikila munsaa bafundisi ba buleza boonse aabo bakataangunina muswaangano waku-Nicene, abalo bakatola Cibeela mumizeezo imwi.¹⁵

Kwiindilizya a waawo, mulembi wa misela mu Cikombelo, R.P.C. Hanson, upandulula lusyomo lwakuti Yahushua uli ansi lya Leza Taata kuti lwakali lusyomo lwakatambwidwe kabotu kuya mumusela wane:

Lino kugwisyila biyo Athanasius, Mufundisi wa buleza uuli woonse, Kujwe a Kumbo, bakatambula misyobo imwi ya Busyoonto bwa Kristu, antela kusikila mu mwaka wa 355 CE; Busyoonto bwa Kristu, bwakali bwa ncobeni, kusikila kumamanino aa lupyopyongano, lwakasandululwa a kutambulwa kuti ndolusyomo lwa tunsiyansiya.¹⁶

Kusikila biyo mu 325 A.D. mpoonya lusyomo lwa Bbaibbele lwakatambula mulangu waambilizya lufu. Eeco silumamba muna Loma ncaakazyi kuti cili masimpe–ikuti Yahushua wakali mwaalumi uuyendelezyegwa–caali kuzyoosinkilwa aa kubambulula lusyomo ku Muswaano waku Nicaea akusikila kulaale.

Yahushua, Uli ansi mu Bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah Kukabe Kutamani

Kuzubulula kwa Paulu ooko kwiinda kusindingana kujatikizya Yahushua mbwali ansi lya Taata Yahuwah, kujanwa mulugwalo lwakwe lutaanzi ku Bakolinto:

1 Bakolinto 15:22-28 Nkaambo mbuli mbubafwa boonse muli-Adamu, mbubonya obo mbubayooponezegwa boonse muli-Kristo, ²³pele umwi aumwi kuciindi cakwe ceelede, Kristo ngukabalwebalwe, elyo kusule bana ba-Kristo kuciindi cakuboola kwakwe. ²⁴Ndilyonya naayooba mamanino, nayootambika bwami kumaanza aa-Leza wisi, nayoolobesezya boonse beendelezi abami abasimutwe. ²⁵Nkaambo uleelede kweendelezya mane do nanooyoobikide basinkondonyina boonse kunsi lyamaulu aakwe. ²⁶Sinkondonyina musyaalizi uuyoolobesegwa ndufu. ²⁷Nkaambo zintu zyoonse Leza wazibombya kunsi amaulu aakwe, Pele na kwaambwa kuti zintu zyoonse zilibombesedwe, ncobeni nkokuti teensi kwaamba oyo iwakamubombesezya zintu zyoonse. ²⁸Lino naamana kumubombesezya zintu zyoonse, elyo alakwe Mwana mwini uzoolibombya kuliyooyo iwakamubombesezya zintu zyoonse, kuti Leza abe malondwedo aazintu zyoonse.

Paulu upandulwida ndiswe bweende bwa zintu ziyootola busena ku mamanino aamusela ooyu. Kabukide kuzwa ku lufu, eelyo Kristu anookomede lufu, uyoobweedezya bulelo kuli Taata Yahuwah nkaambo wakali Yahuwah wakamubombezyela zintu zyoonse mu bweendelezi bwakwe. Pele Paulu, kayanda kulomya kuti aabo babala mulumbe wakwe bateelelesye, usinizya kuti Taata Yahuwah tali ansi lya Kristu. Kunze lyaboobo, ngu Kristu uuli mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah kutegwa Yahuwah abe malondwedo aa zintu zyoonse.

Ibbuku lizubulula makani lya mutwe wakuti [Pulpit Commentary] lyaamba majwi aakuti malondwedo aa zintu zyoonse “ ajatikizya kumaninina akuzulila buleli.”¹⁷ Ncobeni, Yahuwah Taata ngu Singuzuzyoonse uulela atalaa zyoonse. Eugene Peterson ucisalazyila limwi eeci mu kaambo kakwe kuti:

1 Bakolinto 15:28 Lino naamana kumubombesezya zintu zyoonse, elyo alakwe Mwana mwini uzoolibombya kuliyooyo iwakamubombesezya zintu zyoonse, kuti Leza abe malondwedo aazintu zyoonse!¹⁸

Paulu usinizya kuti Yahushua tali Leza [Yahuwah], pele “mutumwa, weendelezyegwa, wakasumpulwa aa Leza.”¹⁹

Kukosozya makani

Kweendelezyegwa kwa Yahushua kuletelezya penzi ku lusyomo lwa Baleza botatwe nkaambo kuliimpene a lusyomo lwa mumusela wane. Mukubambulula kwiimpana ooku, muzeezo wakuti Kristu uulaa ziimo zyobile (ciimo ca buntu a ciimo ca bulemu bwa kujulu) wakaanzwa. Lino kubelesya muzeezo ooyo aawa, ooyu muzeezo waamba kuti, mubwini, Kristu wakali mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah kali biyo mu ciimo ca buntu. Nokuba boobo, kunyina pe eeci nociyiisyigwa mu Mangwalo. Eeco ciyiisyigwa ncakuti Yahushua wakali mwaalumi wakali mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah. Nkaambo ka kuteelela, Yahushua wakasumpwidwa kujanza lya lulyo lwa Yahuwah akupegwa bweendelezi mu bulelo bwa Yahuwah.²⁰ Ikaambo kokwa Paulu nkakuti nokuba kuti Kristu ulaa nguzu kapati pele ucili mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah. Mbuli sicikolo wa Bbaibbele James McGrath apandulula kuti:

Lusyomo lwakuti kuli leza omwe buyo lulikwabilidwe kuleka biyo kuti . . . [Yahushua] usanganyidwe muli Leza nokuba kuti usanganyidwe mu ciimo ca bulemu bwa julu akuti uli kujulu, pele nkaambo nokuba kuti . . . [Yahushua] ulalela atalaa zintu zyoonse mubusena bwa Leza, Yahuwah lwakwe tali ansi lya bweendelezi bwa Kristu pe, pele Kristu uli mu bweendelezi bwa Yahuwah.”²¹

Eeco silumamba muna Loma ncaakazyi kuba masimpe mumusela mutaanzi, icakuti Yahushua wakali mwaalumi weendelezyegwa, cicili masimpe a sunu, nokuba kuti bapaizi ba musela wane bakakakatila kucinculula ncokwiiminina kweendelezyegwa kwa Yahushua.

¹ 1 Bakolinto 11:3 a 3:23.

² Yahuwah wakasumpula Yahushua kujanza Yakwe lya lulyo: Milimo 2:33; 5:31. Mushinshimi Izaya awalo wakashinshima kuti Messiah uyoolelela Yahuwah: Izaya 40:1; Intembauzyo 2:1-2, 6-8, 10-12.

^[7] Bamwi basandulula cibalo eeci kuti ciiminina kuti Yahushua wakali kupona kujulu kataninga zyalwa kali mbuli Yahuwah. Nokuba boobo, majwi aakuti “Kweendeenda kwakwe nkwakalekale, nkwamazuba aaciindi loko,” aambilizya busololi bwa buntu bwakwe wakali mu cibeela ca makanze ookwa Yahuwah kuzwa kuutana lengwa musemo, kutali kuti Yahushua wakali kupona ncobeni. Langa amu Milimo 2:23; 1 Petulo 1:20; Ciyubunuzyo 13:8.

3 Johane 7:28; 8:42. Kanga amuli Johane 5:30 a 8:28.

⁴ Ziiyo zya HELP Word Studies, https://biblehub.com/greek/1849.htm

⁵ Charles H. Spurgeon, A Man Under Authority, Mulumbe #2434, (Kavwumbi Kaniini, 1895), cakazubulwa mu 3-25-20, https://www.spurgeongems.org/sermon/chs2434.pdf

⁶ Harry Whittaker, The Healing of the Centurion’s Servant, Studies in the Gospels, http://christadelphianbooks.org/haw/sitg/sitg71.html

⁷ Johane 4:21-26; 8:54; 17:1-3; 1 Bakolinto 1:3, 8:6; 1 Timoteo 1:2, 2:5, azimwi.

⁸ R. C. Sproul, “The Subordination of Christ,” The Logos, Miyoba 27, 2009, cakazubulwa mu Miyoba 30, 2020, https://ho-logos.blogspot.com/2009/03/subordination-of-christ-rc-sproul.html

⁹ Ibid.

¹⁰ Milimo 3:13, 26; 4:25-27, 29-30; Mateyo 12:18; BaHebulayo 8:1-2 I bbala lya minister mucibalo eeci ndyakuti leitourgos, mu ciGiliki liiminina mubelesi wa buleya, mubelesi, mulanda (NASB Greek-Hebrew Dictionary); Izaya 42:1-9; Zekaliya 3:8.

¹¹ Yahushua wakaamba ziindi zinjaanji kuti walo wakalijisi Leza: Johane 20:17; Mateyo 27:46 (Maako 15:34); Ciyubunuzyo 1:6; 3:12. Nokuba naakasumpulwa, Yahushua wakacilaa Leza awalo. Paulu a Petulo abalo balazumina kuti Yahushua lijisi Leza: BaEfeso 1:3, 17; BaLoma 15:6; 2 Bakolinto 1:3; 11:31; 1 Petulo a1:3. Awalo, mulembi wa BaHebulayo 1:8. Balembi ba Cizuminano Cakale bakaliteelede kuti messiah wakali kunoolaa Leza: Mika 5:4; Intembauzyo 40:8; 45:6-7.

¹² Kegan Chandler, The God of Jesus in Light of Christian Dogma, (McDonough, GA: Restoration Fellowship, 2016), peeji. 135.

¹³ Ibid, peeji. 76.

¹⁴ M. Simmonetti, “Subordinationism,” Oxford Encyclopedia of the Early Church, Vol. 2 (OUP, 1992), peeji. 797.

¹⁵ Thomas C. Pfizenmaier, The Trinitarian Theology of Dr. Samuel Clarke (Leiden: Brill, 1997), peeji. 91.

¹⁶ R.P.C. Hanson, The Search for the Christian Doctrine of God, 1988, p. xix

¹⁷ https://biblehub.com/1_corinthians/15-28.htm

¹⁸ https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+15%3A28-33&version=MSG

¹⁹ Chandler, Ibid, peeji. 444.

²⁰ BaFilipo 2:5-11; BaEfeso 1:17-23.

²¹ McGrath, The Only True God, peeji. 50.

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